Addition, Subtraction of Binary Number and conversion octal to binary etc..

 

Freeze panes, Powerpoint template And cryptocurrency...

 

Freezing Panes

If you set up a worksheet with row or column headings, these headings will not be visible when you scroll down or to the right. MS Excel provides a handy solution to this problem with freezing panes. Freezing panes keeps the headings visible while you’re scrolling through the worksheet.

Using Freeze Panes

Follow the steps mentioned below to freeze panes.

• Select the First row or First Column or the row Below, which you want to freeze, or Column right to area, which you want to freeze.

• Choose View Tab » Freeze Panes.

• Select the suitable option −

  • Freeze Panes − To freeze area of cells.

  • Freeze Top Row − To freeze first row of worksheet.

  • Freeze First Column − To freeze first Column of worksheet.

• If you have selected Freeze top row you can see the first row appears at the top, after scrolling also. See the below screen-shot.

Unfreeze Panes

To unfreeze Panes, choose View Tab » Unfreeze Panes.

What Is a Cryptocurrency?

A cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual currency that is secured by cryptography, which makes it nearly impossible to counterfeit or double-spend. Many cryptocurrencies are decentralized networks based on blockchain technology—a distributed ledger enforced by a disparate network of computers. A defining feature of cryptocurrencies is that they are generally not issued by any central authority, rendering them theoretically immune to government interference or manipulation.

KEY TAKEAWAYS

• A cryptocurrency is a new form of digital asset based on a network that is distributed across a large number of computers. This decentralized structure allows them to exist outside the control of governments and central authorities.
• The word “cryptocurrency” is derived from the encryption techniques which are used to secure the network.
• Blockchains, which are organizational methods for ensuring the integrity of transactional data, is an essential component of many cryptocurrencies.
• Many experts believe that blockchain and related technology will disrupt many industries, including finance and law. 
• Cryptocurrencies face criticism for a number of reasons, including their use for illegal activities, exchange rate volatility, and vulnerabilities of the infrastructure underlying them. However, they also have been praised for their portability, divisibility, inflation resistance, and transparency.

Understanding Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are systems that allow for the secure payments online which are denominated in terms of virtual "tokens," which are represented by ledger entries internal to the system. "Crypto" refers to the various encryption algorithms and cryptographic techniques that safeguard these entries, such as elliptical curve encryption, public-private key pairs, and hashing functions.

Types of Cryptocurrency

The first blockchain-based cryptocurrency was Bitcoin, which still remains the most popular and most valuable. Today, there are thousands of alternate cryptocurrencies with various functions and specifications. Some of these are clones or forks of Bitcoin, while others are new currencies that were built from scratch.

Bitcoin was launched in 2009 by an individual or group known by the pseudonym "Satoshi Nakamoto."1 As of Nov. 2019, there were over 18 million bitcoins in circulation with a total market value of around $146 billion.2

Some of the competing cryptocurrencies spawned by Bitcoin’s success, known as "altcoins," include Litecoin, Peercoin, and Namecoin, as well as Ethereum, Cardano, and EOS. Today, the aggregate value of all the cryptocurrencies in existence is around $214 billion—Bitcoin currently represents more than 68% of the total value.3

What are PowerPoint templates?

According to Microsoft Office, a PowerPoint template “is a pattern or blueprint of a slide or group of slides that you save as a .potx file. Templates can contain layouts, theme colors, theme fonts, theme effects, background styles, and even content.”

In simpler terms, it’s the formatting backbone of your PowerPoint presentation. It’s what ensures formatting consistency across your entire presentation as you build your slides.

The key is, making sure that your template is set up correctly, which a lot of template don’t have. They are instead what we call fake PowerPoint template.

To learn more about what a template is and isn’t (and how to spot fake ones), click here.

The benefits of PowerPoint templates

PowerPoint templates are a shortcut to more engaging, colorful and creative presentations.

They are the very bedrock of your presentations – whether you use a custom one or generic one – and they influence absolutely EVERYTHING:

• How your your fonts, colors and branding displays…
• Whether the slides you copy and paste into your presentation convert properly…
• How your content displays on screen (and prints)…
• Can you edit content without detonating hidden landmines that derail your workflow…

A well-designed template will make your slides and overall presentation look good. On top of that, it makes the process of building and editing your slides MUCH easier.

That’s because it pre-populates all of your company information, corporate formatting, default slides, etc. This ensures that everything stays consistent in your presentation, regardless of how much stuff you add to your presentation.

Note: If you use PowerPoint on a daily basis, and want to create your own PowerPoint template from scratch, read my step-by-step guide here.

What can you use a template for?

You can use templates to jump-start your presentation and start building slides that are consistent in appearance and easy to replicate.

PowerPoint templates can be used by anyone, anywhere and for multiple purposes.

From the educator to the sales team, the project manager and the executive assistants, a PowerPoint template can be built to fit just about any scenario.

Here are a few situations you could use PowerPoint templates for:

• Webinars
• Board meetings
• Education settings and class lessons
• Creating a document for printing

Here is an example of a custom-built template that would be good for a webinar or a printed document:

Mail merge in Microsoft word....

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How to Use Mail Merge in Microsoft Word

Mail Merge is most often used to print or email form letters to multiple recipients. Using Mail Merge, you can easily customize form letters for individual recipients. Mail merge is also used to create envelopes or labels in bulk.

This feature works the same in all modern versions of Microsoft Word: 2010, 2013, and 2016.

1. In a blank Microsoft Word document, click on the Mailings tab, and in the Start Mail Merge group, click Start Mail Merge. 
   


2. Click Step-by-Step Mail Merge Wizard.
   


3. Select your document type. In this demo we will select Letters. Click Next: Starting document. 
   


4. Select the starting document. In this demo we will use the current (blank) document. Select Use the current document and then click Next: Select recipients. 
   
   
   • Note that selecting Start from existing document (which we are not doing in this demo) changes the view and gives you the option to choose your document. After you choose it, the Mail Merge Wizard reverts to Use the current document.
   
   
5. Select recipients. In this demo we will create a new list, so select Type a new list and then click Create. 
   
   
   • Create a list by adding data in the New Address List dialog box and clicking OK. 
     
   
   
   • Save the list.
   
   
   • Note that now that a list has been created, the Mail Merge Wizard reverts to Use an existing list and you have the option to edit the recipient list.
     
   
   
   • Selecting Edit recipient list opens up the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box, where you can edit the list and select or unselect records. Click OK to accept the list as is. 
     
   
   
   • Click Next: Write your letter. 
     
   
   
6. Write the letter and add custom fields.
   • Click Address block to add the recipients' addresses at the top of the document. 
     
   
   
   • In the Insert Address Blockdialog box, check or uncheck boxes and select options on the left until the address appears the way you want it to. 
     
     
   • Note that you can use Match Fields to correct any problems. Clicking Match Fields opens up the Match Fields dialog box, in which you can associate the fields from your list with the fields required by the wizard. 
     
   
   


7. Press Enter on your keyboard and click Greeting line... to enter a greeting. 
   


8. In the Insert Greeting Line dialog box, choose the greeting line format by clicking the drop-down arrows and selecting the options of your choice, and then click OK. 
   


9. Note that the address block and greeting line are surrounded by chevrons (« »). Write a short letter and click Next: Preview your letters. 
   

Preview your letter and click Next: Complete the merge. 

Click Print to print your letters or Edit individual letters to further personalize some or all of the letters. 

Cache memory and computer applications..

 

What is cache memory?

We explain the different categories of cache memory and how it differs from RAM

by: IT Pro team

14 Apr 2020

Memory is a key element to computing and there are a number of different types to keep your machine running smoothly. Some are designed for short-term tasks and others are for long-term use, such as storage, but both are equally important in terms of the software and hardware of a computer. 

Application and Types of Computer Applications

July 17, 2016 InformationQ.com

Introduction:

The term Application refers to Software which is a set of instructions or code written in a program for executing a task or an operation in a Computer. Applications play a vital role in a Computer as it is an end-user program that enables the users to do many things in a system. The application programs are designed and developed to run in a System Software which is an Operating system. An Operating System is system software that enables al the applications programs to run and execute various tasks in a Computer system. The GUI based applications carries out various tasks in a Computer like creating documents, playing games, browsing and many more.

Application Software Overview:

Application software’s are the end-user programs designed to enhance the productivity in various fields of work. The applications are used for creating documents, spreadsheets, databases, and publications, doing online research, sending email, designing graphics, running businesses, and also playing games. Application software’s are designed to perform a specific task and can be as simple as a calculator application or as complex as a word processing application. The applications are designed with built-in functions and properties so to easily carry out all the operations. One of the most popular and widely used applications is Microsoft word processor where you can do calculations, copy, paste, delete, and add colors and pictures, change the appearance by using its built-in properties. Not only Word processor applications but there are several other productivity programs like Graphical software, Photo studio, Antivirus and many more that are packed as an Application software.

Application software cannot run itself as it requires system software for executing the programs. System software like Windows, Mac, Linux and many more helps the application software’s to run and execute in a Computer. As a Computer needs an Operating system, an Operating system needs Application software’s, so without applications the computer is nothing but a blank page. Since the system software’s also integrates some built-in application programs when installed on a computer that can be used. But there are several applications like Microsoft Office which is a complete suite of programs that includes Excel, Power point, Access etc, Graphic suites like Adobe Creative suite with various applications for creating and editing images, Audio master suite for sound production, Video editing applications, Security software’s and most importantly Web-browser which is also application software.

Application Software can be divided into two broad categories are System Software and Applications Software.

• System Software is a program designed to manage all the hardware resources and also runs the applications programs in a Computer. It is mainly of two types are the Operating system and utility software that is installed with the Operating system. The Operating system and utility programs are written in such a way to function independently because they are not user oriented. It always runs in the background and executes all the operations in a Computer. But there are some system software’s that are used by the end-users like a Device manager which is found on Control panel.

Operating systems like Windows, Mac, Linux, and UNIX are the best examples that manage all the programs in a Computer. Since there are other systems software’s that help the OS to perform all the tasks like BIOS (Basic Input/output system) that manages data flow between OS and other attached devices such as keyboard, mouse, hard drives etc. Boot program loads the Operating system to RAM, an Assembler takes basic instructions and converts them to machine language to perform operations and a Device manager controls all the devices attached to Computer. The utility software’s like disk derangement, system restore, compilers and debuggers are also installed on the Operating system software.

• Application Software is a program or a group of program designed for the end-user to perform a specific task in a Computer. The user directly interacts with the application programs for performing a task in a system. Some of the applications software’s are browsers, e-mail clients, word processors, spreadsheet, database programs and many more that has various built-in functions to be used. Furthermore the Applications Software’s are also broadly categorized for better productivity. Some of them are:-  

Application suites are packed with multiple programs with user interfaces, features and functions to interact with the users. Some of them are Microsoft Office, Adobe Creativity suite, Security suite, Gaming apps and many more.

Enterprise Software labels the organization requirements and also manages data flow in a huge environment. It may be an automated billing system, e-mail marketing, business intelligence and Content management.

Enterprise Infrastructure Software provides the capabilities required to support enterprise software systems. It is mainly used for businesses, society or Organization for network security, surveillance system, transportation, sewage, communication, electricity and water that need high investment for the systems.

Educational Software includes all the contents of different subjects that can be used by a student or any individuals. There are several websites providing educational software about various topics and vast database makes it an easy to use application.

Multimedia Software is used for development of media in our day to day life. There are various audio, video and image editing tools, printing media that can be used to maximize the growth of a business.

Content Access Software is used to access the contents in a website for publishing digital contents and entertainment.

Information Software is used for addressing the needs of an individual by creating and managing information for individual projects within the department. It may be the word processors, spreadsheets, e-mail or blog clients etc.

Conclusion:

Application software is the lifeline for a user as it creates an interface to communicate with the Computer by using various application programs. Each and Every application program is run by the system software which is the Operating system. You can run loads of applications in your Computer and can perform various tasks from creating documents to playing games. I hope you like this article about the Computer Application and its types, if you have any issues kindly write into my mail.